TB Questions

Pg. 139

1. Definitions:

direct democracy- a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives.

classical art- Athenians portrayal of ideal beauty, not realism. Their values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion became the standard of what is called classical art.

tragedy- a serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war or betrayl.

comedy- a drama that contained scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor.

Peloponnesian War- a war between the two city-states, Athens and Sparta.

philosopher- greek thinkers who had new ideas and values.

Socrates- a critic of Sophists. He believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice.

Plato- a student of Socrates before he died. He wrote, The Republic.

Aristotle- a philosopher who questioned the nature of the world and of human knowledge, belief, thought, and knowledge.

3. What steps did Pericles take to strengthen democracy in Athens?

Among the things Pericles did to strengthen Athens, he introduced the idea of direct democracy, and strengthened the already existing democracy that they had. He also used money on the Athenian Navy, making it the strongest in the Mediterranean.

4. What were some of the battle strategies of Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War?

Athens had a strong navy, while Sparta had a strong army. Pericles' strategy was to avoid land battle with the Spartan Army and wait for an oppurtunity to strike from sea.

5. Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?

I think Athenians aren't used to some of the new ideas and teaching Socrates has brought into light. Just like today, many people aren't thrilled by the idea of change. So back then it was probably similar.